ABSTRACT
Sars-CoV-2 is a new global health challenge that was declared a pandemic in March 2020. In just 6 months, the virus had infected more than 7.5 million population worldwide, and in 10 months infected over 40 million. Clinical manifestation of Sars-CoV-2 range from mild symptoms like sneezing, coughing, cold and fever to severe respiratory complications such as pneumonia and acute distress respiratory syndrome, sepsis, and multiple organ failure. The virus is highly contagious and transmits through respiratory droplets. Currently, there is no treatment option available to treat Sars-CoV-2. Several research groups are working to explore different aspects of virus but further research is needed to fill the knowledge gaps. Herein, this review article provides latest update on genomic characterization, transmission, diagnosis, treatment, and clinical manifestation of Sars-CoV-2.
ABSTRACT
Aim: To detect the early HRCT chest findings and clinical course in patients diagnosed as COVID-19 positive but are asymptomatic. Study design: A prospective study. Setting: All the confirmed COVID-19 patients encountered at Sir Ganga Ram Hospital Lahore corona desk, from 1st April 2020 to 30th April 2020 were studied in this survey. Methods: In our survey, we selected those asymptomatic patients who had positive contact history, diagnosed as COVID-19 positive by RT-PCR. Characteristic CT findings of each enrolled patient were collected and then interpreted. Results: 53 asymptomatic exposed patients with COVID-19 lung disease were enrolled and underwent HRCT Chest. All patients who had a contact history of COVID-19 patients were tested positive by RT-PCR. These patients had a history of contact with COVID-19 patients. 58.49% of patients had normal HRCT Chest while 41.5% patients had abnormal CT findings. The predominant feature on HRCT Chest was GGO in (100%) with peripheral distribution (72.2%), diffuse (27.27%), unilateral distribution (45.4%), and bilateral distribution (54.5%). After a short-term follow-up, 20 patients (37.7%) developed symptoms mainly including fever, SOB, cough, and lethargy. Follow-up HRCT showed progression of disease in (9.09%) patients. Conclusion: HRCT chest of patients having COVID-19 pneumonia that are asymptomatic has specific characteristics. As asymptomatic patients are silent carriers and some patients can worsen in a very short period. It is important to consider the importance of the detection and surveillance regarding asymptomatic patients having COVID-19. HRCT chest also has great value in screening and diagnosing patients with COVID-19 pneumonia, specifically in those who have a high suspicion, asymptomatic patients with negative PCR. © 2021 Lahore Medical And Dental College. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
Context . The novel Corona Virus (nCoV-19) was initially reported in Wuhan, China during December 2019, and later people with nCoV-19 were identified in different parts of the world. Infected people had shown symptoms resembling pneumonia, but about 50% of patients were asymptomatic. Objective . The study intended to examine the data from studies on nCoV-19. Design . The research team performed a literature review, searching relevant literature databases. The sources of data included bioRxiv, medRxiv, Google Scholar, Embase, PsychINFO, WanFang Data and PubMed. The search terms were novel Corona Virus, and nCoV-19 structure. Setting . The study took place in the main library of the University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan. Results . The study identified 22 studies that had reported and confirmed over 2000 cases of nCoV-19 by January 26, 2020. The studies found that the virus was transmitted through respiratory droplets. The virus has two serotypes, OC43 and 229E. Conclusions . No specific curative therapy is available for CoVid-19. However, certain precautionary measures may potentially reduce the transmission, including washing hands, using sanitizers frequently, avoiding public gatherings, and quarantining or isolating patients. This virus has spread globally and immunocompromised individuals, and especially older individuals, are at significant risk. Community and healthcare professionals have a positive role to play in controlling the spread of the disease.